State-Less — Scholarship, Arguments, Creative

Scholar · Writer · Historian

State-Less

Intellectual history of Zionism and Israeli culture. Hebrew dystopian literature. Essays on memory, occupation, and political thought. UC Davis.

Scholarship

Intellectual History of Zionism

Seminar and research on the intellectual origins and transformations of Zionist thought, from Herzl to the present.

Arguments

American Zionism After Gaza

On the fracturing of American Jewish consensus, the silence of liberal Zionism, and what comes after.

Reading Room

Historians & Theorists Worth Reading

Curated free-access guide to primary texts, key historians, Frankfurt School theory, diasporism, and Hebrew literature.

Creative

Poetry & Prose

Hebrew and English poems. Prose fragments. A literary register for material that lives between scholarship and argument.

Scholarship

Research & Teaching

Intellectual history of Zionism and Israeli culture, Hebrew dystopian literature, and the politics of memory and trauma.

Book Project

Hebrew Dystopian Literature 1984–2023: secular prophecy, counter-historiography, and trauma theory. A literary-historical study of the dystopian imagination in modern Hebrew culture as a register of political disenchantment.


Research Areas

Intellectual History

Zionism & Its Critics

From Herzl to Leibowitz: the internal critique of Zionist thought, the Bund, anti-Zionist rabbis, and the forgotten alternatives.

Memory Studies

Holocaust, Trauma, Nakba

How traumatic memory is transmitted, instrumentalized, and contested in Israeli public culture and Hebrew literature.

Literary History

Hebrew Dystopia

A corpus of post-1984 Hebrew dystopian fiction as a form of secular prophecy and counter-historiography.


Publications

Your own articles appear here — with JSTOR stable URLs or accepted-manuscript PDFs per the journal's self-archiving policy. Third-party sources are linked, not hosted.

[Upload your own article PDFs here via Webador's Document element — or add JSTOR stable URL links]


Teaching

UC Davis · History

Intellectual History of Zionism

From the 1880s to October 7: the ideas, conflicts, and transformations of Zionist thought and its critics.

UC Davis · History

Hebrew Literature & Dystopia

Reading Hebrew fiction as a form of counter-historiography and secular prophecy.

Arguments

Essays & Critical Writing

Claims that have cleared verification. All arguments are labeled by epistemic status. The blog carries work in progress; unverified hypotheses stay off-site.

Editorial Discipline

  • Arguments & Op-eds: only V-code-cleared claims — KNOW
  • Blog: defensible from existing sources — INFER
  • Working hypotheses stay off-site entirely
ESSAY · AMERICAN ZIONISM

American Zionism After Gaza

On the fracturing of liberal Zionist consensus, the silence of American Jewish institutions, and the structural logic of collapse after October 7.

The hysteria over antisemitism is projection — the awareness that Israel threatens American Jews — compounded by Israel's fulfillment of the worst antisemitic tropes, and its collaboration with global neo-fascism.

Ready
ESSAY · STATE & OCCUPATION

The Police State: From Yoel to Mordechai David

Israel as atrocity-enabling state: how the structure of occupation manufactures religious fanaticism and a permanent rightward tilt — by design, not by accident. Anchored in Leibowitz, Memmi, and Lifton.

Ready
ESSAY · MEMORY & STATISTICS

The Statistical Victim

Israel's citizens are statistical victims: the country awaits a disaster, and the only open question is the scale. On how a society learns to live inside its own catastrophe.

Ready
ESSAY · INTELLECTUAL HISTORY

Always the Wrong Answer: On Harari

He's extraordinary. Always gives the wrong answer. Always. A critical reading of Harari's blind spots on Israel, nationalism, and historical consciousness.

Ready
ESSAY · DIASPORISM

The Forgotten, Revisited: The Bund and Anti-Zionist Thought

The Bund, dissenting rabbis, secular anti-Zionists, and their absence from Israeli public memory. A genealogy of the road not taken.

In progress
ESSAY · INTELLECTUAL HISTORY

Redemption Through Sin: Return to History and Escape to the Moon

On Scholem's essay, the Sabbatian logic of occupation-messianism, and the path from secular Zionism to religious nationalism.

In progress
IDEA · FORTHCOMING

The Poverty of Zionist Philosophy

What remains of the Zionist philosophical tradition after its foundational promises have been exhausted?

Idea
ENCOUNTERS SERIES

Carver in Davis · Ginsberg in Haifa · Marcuse in California

A named figure placed in a charged location: a series of imaginative essays on writers, exiles, and intellectuals in unexpected places. Encounters as a form of intellectual biography.

Idea

Reading Room

Free Sources & Reading Guides

Curated links to publicly accessible texts. All links point to the publisher or open-access repository — no third-party PDFs are hosted here. JSTOR stable URLs require a free account for limited reads.

Primary Texts & Founding Documents
Theodor Herzl — The Jewish State (1896)
Primary Source · Zionism
The founding Zionist document. Read as a political pamphlet of its moment, not as prophecy.
Gutenberg ↗ KNOW
Hannah Arendt — "Zionism Reconsidered" (1944)
Primary Source · Political Thought
Arendt's critique of Zionist politics written before the state's founding. Essential for understanding her later silence on Israel.
Marxists.org ↗
Walter Benjamin — "Theses on the Philosophy of History" (1940)
Primary Source · Critical Theory
The angel of history, messianic time, the brush-against-the-grain of history. The theoretical backbone of counter-historiography.
Marxists.org ↗ KNOW
Albert Memmi — The Colonizer and the Colonized (1957)
Primary Source · Postcolonial Theory
The colonial situation deforms the colonizer regardless of prior politics. The structural-drift mechanism that anchors the Memmi → Leibowitz → Lifton lineage.
Archive.org (Borrow) ↗ KNOW
Gershom Scholem — "Redemption Through Sin" (1936/1971)
Primary Source · Jewish History
The source of Sabbatianism as a category of analysis. The bridge from messianic antinomianism to secular Zionism. Read with Leibowitz on occupation-messianism.
Schocken (Library)
Theory: Trauma, Historiography, Frankfurt School
Marianne Hirsch — "Rethinking Holocaust Memory After October 7" (2024)
Memory Studies · Columbia
Originator of "postmemory." This Public Books essay argues Holocaust trauma-memory is being misused. Companion to the NYT Hirsch/Gessen interview (Oct. 31, 2025).
Public Books ↗ KNOW
Avot Yeshurun — Hannan Hever essay in JSTOR
Hebrew Poetry · Nakba–Shoah Bridge
Hever reads Yeshurun as an early instance of multidirectional memory (Rothberg): the Nakba and the Shoah gazing into one another's face.
JSTOR Stable URL ↗ KNOW
Dominick LaCapra — Writing History, Writing Trauma (2001)
Trauma Theory · Cornell
The foundational text for trauma as a historiographical problem. Acting-out vs. working-through; the limit-event and its representation.
Archive.org (Borrow) ↗
Joan Wallach Scott — "Gender: A Useful Category" (1986)
Historiography · IAS Princeton
The methodological argument for social categories as historical constructs. Extends to nationalism, memory, identity.
JSTOR Stable URL ↗
Israeli Historians & Sociologists
Omer Bartov — "I'm a Genocide Scholar. I Know It When I See It" (2025)
Holocaust & Genocide Studies · Brown
Bartov reversed his earlier position on the Gaza classification. July 15, 2025. Dean's Professor, Holocaust and Genocide Studies, Brown University.
NYT (paywall) ↗ KNOW
Zeev Sternhell — The Founding Myths of Israel (1998)
Political History · Hebrew University
Labor Zionism's nationalist-socialist origins; the founding myths that occluded the colonial reality. The mainstream academic anchor for the rightward-drift thesis.
Princeton UP ↗
Yeshayahu Leibowitz — "The Territories" (1968)
Jewish Philosophy · Hebrew University
Corruption of the occupation: "a state ruling a hostile population of 1.5 to 2 million foreigners would necessarily become a secret-police state." The prophetic 1968 warning. Source: Judaism, Human Values, and the Jewish State, Harvard UP, 1992, p. 225.
Harvard UP ↗ KNOW
Idith Zertal — Israel's Holocaust and the Politics of Nationhood (2005)
Holocaust Memory · Cambridge
How the Holocaust was instrumentalized to legitimate the Israeli state and its violence. A direct scholarly anchor for the memory-vulgarization thesis.
Cambridge UP ↗
Baruch Kimmerling — Politicide: Ariel Sharon's War Against the Palestinians (2003)
Political Sociology · Hebrew University
Settler-colonial sociology of Zionism. Coined "politicide" — the gradual but systematic erasure of Palestinian national existence.
Verso ↗
Seth Anziska — "1967: An Elegy of Conquest" (2018)
Modern Jewish History · JQR
Peer-reviewed anchor for the Leibowitz argument; shows secular left and religious right making common cause to sacralize the state. Jewish Quarterly Review 108/4, pp. 536–544.
JSTOR Stable URL ↗ KNOW
Diasporism: Against Territorial Judaism
Shaul Magid — The Necessity of Exile (2023)
Jewish Studies · Dartmouth / Tufts
Reclaims exile as a positive Jewish stance; a counter-Zionist argument from within Jewish thought. Named New Yorker Best Books 2023.
Ayin Press ↗ KNOW
Daniel Boyarin — The No-State Solution: A Jewish Manifesto (2023)
Jewish Studies · UC Berkeley
Doykayt (hereness), Yiddishkayt, diaspora nation without territorial sovereignty. Explicitly anti-Zionist; the scholarly case for a Jewish identity untethered from statehood.
Yale UP ↗ KNOW
George Steiner — "Our Homeland, the Text"
Literary Criticism · Salmagundi
The text as the Jewish homeland during exile. A foundational argument for diaspora as a creative, not merely defensive, Jewish condition.
Salmagundi ↗ KNOW
Arie Dubnov — Isaiah Berlin: The Journey of a Jewish Liberal (2012)
Intellectual History · George Washington U
Max Ticktin Chair of Israel Studies, GWU. Work on Berlin, partition, and the intellectual history of Jewish liberalism and Zionism.
Palgrave ↗ KNOW
Frankfurt School, Benjamin, Colonial Theory
Yoav Di-Capua — No Exit: Arab Existentialism (2018)
Intellectual History · UT Austin
Intellectual history of the modern Arab world; Arab existentialism, Sartre and decolonization. Edited Trauma and History (2015, Princeton).
U Chicago Press ↗ KNOW
Benjamin C. Brower — A Desert Named Peace (2009)
Colonial History · UT Austin
French colonialism in Algeria 1830–1962 through critical-literary theory and postcolonial studies. Pairs with Memmi on the colonial-situation mechanism.
Columbia UP ↗ KNOW
Rosa Luxemburg — The Accumulation of Capital (1913)
Marxist Theory · Utopia & Dystopia
Luxemburg's theory of capital accumulation and imperial expansion. Her nationalism critique and the before/after of the European Jewish genocide.
Marxists.org ↗
Robert Jay Lifton — "Atrocity-Producing Situation"
Psychiatry · Political Psychology
Term coined in Home from the War (1973): structured environments produce atrocity from ordinary people. Applied to Vietnam, Abu Ghraib, and — in your argument — the occupation. Anchor for the "Israel as atrocity-enabling state" thesis.
New Yorker 2023 ↗ KNOW
Hebrew & Palestinian Literature: Nakba, Memory, Displacement
S. Yizhar — Khirbet Khizeh (1949; Engl. trans. 2008)
Hebrew Fiction · Nakba
The foundational Hebrew-language narrative of the Nakba, published by an Israeli soldier in 1949. A conscience text that was suppressed and canonized in the same gesture.
Ibis Editions ↗
Ghassan Kanafani — Returning to Haifa (1969)
Palestinian Fiction · Diaspora
A Palestinian couple returns to Haifa after 1967 to find their home occupied by an Israeli couple who raised their abandoned infant. The most economical statement of the conflict's human structure.
Archive.org ↗
Avot Yeshurun (1904–1992)
Hebrew Modernist Poetry
Born Yehiel Perlmutter; Israel Prize 1992. Lost family in the Shoah; attentive to the Palestinian displacement of 1948. Wrote of the two catastrophes gazing into one another's face. Israel Prize, 1992.
Library (Hebrew text)
George Eliot — Daniel Deronda (1876)
Proto-Zionist Literature
The proto-Zionist novel before Herzl. Deronda's discovery of Jewish identity and the dream of a national homeland. Read against the movement it prefigured.
Gutenberg ↗

Creative

Poetry & Prose

Hebrew and English poems. Prose fragments. Coming soon — poems are being prepared for publication here.

Coming Soon

Original poems and prose will appear here. Hebrew poems will be available as PDF downloads. English translations and selected prose will be posted as text.

Companion Poems — Referenced in Essays

These are copyrighted works — linked to authorized sources, never re-hosted.

A Supermarket in California
Allen Ginsberg — used in "Ginsberg in Haifa" essay
Poetry Foundation ↗
The Burning of Paper Instead of Children
Adrienne Rich
Poetry Foundation ↗
To Allen Ginsberg (Kral Majales)
Czesław Miłosz
Library / licensed anthology
Selected poems
Wisława Szymborska
Poetry Foundation ↗
S
[Your Name]
Historian of Israel
University of California, Davis
Department of History

[Your 4–6 sentence scholarly bio here. Who you are, what you work on, your current project, and what the site is for. Fill in your own words — no placeholder prose will do.]

What This Site Is

State-Less is a public scholarly site in three registers: scholarship, critical arguments, and creative work. The site is built for three audiences — students, general readers, and academic colleagues — with the same material organized at different depths.

The Book

Hebrew Dystopian Literature 1984–2023: secular prophecy, counter-historiography, and trauma theory. A literary-historical study of the dystopian imagination in modern Hebrew culture.

Publishing Protocol

How Claims Are Labeled

  • Arguments & Op-eds: only V-code-cleared claims (KNOW)
  • Blog: defensible from existing sources (INFER is labeled)
  • Working hypotheses stay off-site entirely
  • Third-party PDFs are linked, not hosted
  • Own articles: accepted-manuscript PDFs only, per journal policy

Contact

For academic correspondence, interview requests, or permissions questions: [your@email.edu]

 

Joan W. Scott

 

 

Joan W. Scott

 

 

tom segev

 

 

benny morris

 

Intellectual history studies political and other ideas, the different (linguistic, social, political exc.) contexts they were constructed and consumed in; intellectuals, their biographies, institutions and so on. It insists on the importance—indeed primacy—of ideas for the understanding of human history, and tries to grasp ideas’ full meaning and social, worldly importance. Most reviews of the terms “History of ideas/intellectual history” find their origins in the 18th&19th century, in the nationalist historiography of Herder, in Idealist philosophy and Hegel’s Philosophy of History and on the German ‘history of ideas’— Geistesgeschichte/ Ideengeschichte. Since antiquity, and at least since Herder on, many nationalist and other historians understand the study of history as the study of political narrative. This idea have been changed, developed and lifted up (Aufheben) in Hegel, who understand history as the unfolding of freedom. Impressed by the French Revolution, he understood history as the realization and unification of reason and freedom. For the final subject-object of history Hegel calls “the world mind [Weltgeist]. “Its reality lies in those actions, tendencies, efforts, and institutions that embody the interest of freedom and reason. It does not exist separate from these realities, and acts through these agents and agencies.” [Marcuse, 1941, 240-241][1] Hegelian ideas still dominant some areas of philosophy and history. Marcuse’s words to Braine Maggie in a BBC interview clearly reflect Hegelian influence:

 

[1] Marcuse, Reason and Revolution, 1941/2.

In 1984, two Israeli novelists, both veterans of the 1948 first Arab-Israeli war, published Hebrew novels dealing with the self-destruction of the Jewish state. Amos Kenan's The Road to Ein Harod a fascist regime that expels its Arab citizens and pursues the Liberal-Jewish-Zionist dissenters; in.Benjamin Tamuz's Jeremiah's Inn the regime is theocratic, ultra-orthodox extremists Sanhadrein regime that also expelled its Arabs and oppressed the secular-liberal dissenters. Such visions of Israeli intra-Jewish civil war and national suicide were quite rare in the history from modern Hebrew and Israeli literature until that juncture, and would become, growingly, in the 21th century, the thematic centre of Israeli literature and an important word/term in the contemporary discourse about it and in it.